Utah Master Esthetician Practice Exam

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What term describes the discoloration of skin and nails?

Hyperpigmentation
Dyschromia
Hypopigmentation
Dermatosis

The correct answer is: Dyschromia

The term that accurately describes the discoloration of skin and nails is dyschromia. Dyschromia refers specifically to any abnormal pigmentation or color variation in the skin, which can manifest as spots, patches, or overall changes in skin tone. It encompasses both hyperpigmentation (excessive pigmentation leading to darker areas) and hypopigmentation (insufficient pigmentation resulting in lighter areas). Understanding dyschromia is essential in the field of esthetics, as it helps practitioners identify and address various skin conditions that clients may present, facilitating targeted treatment options. This term is particularly vital for professionals in skin care, as it covers a broad range of pigmentation disorders that can affect a person's appearance and potentially indicate underlying health issues. In contrast, while hyperpigmentation and hypopigmentation deal with specific aspects of skin discoloration, they do not encompass the broader spectrum of discoloration that dyschromia does. Dermatosis is a more general term related to skin diseases or conditions and does not specifically refer to discoloration.