Utah Master Esthetician Practice Exam

What is the term for direct current that produces an electrochemical effect?

1. High frequency

2. Galvanic

3. Microcurrent

4. Alternating

The correct answer is: Galvanic

The term for direct current that produces an electrochemical effect is galvanic. Galvanic current is a type of direct current (DC) that can induce chemical reactions within the tissues. This is particularly beneficial in esthetics, as it aids in the deep penetration of products and can facilitate various types of treatments, such as iontophoresis, wherein active ingredients are pushed into the skin using electrical current. This electrochemical effect occurs because the direct current causes ions in the skin to migrate, enhancing product absorption and sometimes assisting in cell rejuvenation and healing. High frequency refers to a different type of current, typically involving alternating current (AC) with a high frequency that is used more for its thermal and antibacterial effects rather than for direct chemical reactions. Microcurrent is also an alternating current but operates at a much lower frequency and is primarily used for muscle re-education and toning rather than for electrochemical effects. Alternating current, as a whole, reverses direction periodically and does not provide the consistent electrochemical reactions associated with galvanic current.